{"id":3614,"date":"2024-06-18T15:46:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-18T13:46:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/uncategorized\/ichthyosis\/"},"modified":"2026-05-05T16:44:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T14:44:12","slug":"ichthyosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/","title":{"rendered":"What is ichthyosis: causes, symptoms and proper management"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<strong data-start=\"115\" data-end=\"128\">Ichthyosis<\/strong> is a skin condition characterised by <strong data-start=\"176\" data-end=\"197\">severe dryness<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"216\">flaking<\/strong> and, in the most severe cases, <strong data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"267\">thickening of the skin<\/strong>. It can be present from birth or develop in adulthood, depending on the type.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Indice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#What_is_ichthyosis\" >What is ichthyosis?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Why_ichthyosis_occurs_the_causes\" >Why ichthyosis occurs: the causes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Symptoms_and_complications\" >Symptoms and complications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Diagnosis\" >Diagnosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Treatment_and_management_of_ichthyosis\" >Treatment and management of ichthyosis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Is_ichthyosis_contagious\" >Is ichthyosis contagious?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/skin-diseases\/ichthyosis\/#Can_ichthyosis_be_prevented\" >Can ichthyosis be prevented?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_ichthyosis\"><\/span><b>What is ichthyosis? <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Ichthyosis is a term used to describe a group of <a href=\"https:\/\/dermaclub.it\/en\/genetic-skin-diseases\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">genetic skin diseases<\/a> characterised by <strong>extreme dryness<\/strong>, <strong>flaking<\/strong> and, in some cases, <strong>thickening of the skin<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>These conditions are caused by a disruption in the skin\u2019s natural shedding process, leading to an excessive build-up of dead skin cells on the skin\u2019s surface. Ichthyosis can take various forms, ranging from mild to severe, and often appears at birth or in early childhood.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_ichthyosis_occurs_the_causes\"><\/span><b>Why ichthyosis occurs: the causes<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"289\" data-end=\"612\"><strong data-start=\"291\" data-end=\"302\">Ichthyosis<\/strong> is mainly caused by <strong data-start=\"331\" data-end=\"354\">genetic mutations<\/strong> that impair the skin\u2019s ability to retain moisture and renew itself properly. These mutations affect the production or function of proteins that are essential for the skin barrier, leading to dryness, flaking and thickening of the skin. <\/p>\n<p data-start=\"614\" data-end=\"685\">The forms of ichthyosis can be divided into two main categories:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"1885\">\n<li data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"1576\">\n<p data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"867\"><strong data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"711\">Hereditary ichthyosis<\/strong><br data-start=\"711\" data-end=\"714\">These conditions are present from birth or in the early years of life and are linked to genetic mutations passed on by parents. The main forms include: <\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"870\" data-end=\"1576\">\n<li data-start=\"870\" data-end=\"995\">\n<p data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"995\"><em data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"889\">Ichthyosis vulgaris<\/em>: the most common and mildest form, characterised by dry, scaly skin, particularly on the legs and arms.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1109\">\n<p data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1109\"><em data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1019\">Lamellar ichthyosis<\/em>: this condition is present at birth, with large, dark scales covering most of the body.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1112\" data-end=\"1201\">\n<p data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1201\">Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: characterised by widespread redness and fine scales.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1299\">\n<p data-start=\"1206\" data-end=\"1299\"><em data-start=\"1206\" data-end=\"1236\">Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis<\/em>: causes skin thickening and blisters in areas subject to friction.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1302\" data-end=\"1440\">\n<p data-start=\"1304\" data-end=\"1440\"><em data-start=\"1304\" data-end=\"1335\">X-linked ichthyosis<\/em>: more common in males, it presents with dark brown scales and is often associated with other conditions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1443\" data-end=\"1576\">\n<p data-start=\"1445\" data-end=\"1576\"><em data-start=\"1445\" data-end=\"1465\">Harlequin ichthyosis<\/em>: an extremely rare and severe form, present from birth, characterised by thick, hard scales that restrict movement.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1578\" data-end=\"1885\">\n<p data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1800\"><strong data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1601\">Acquired ichthyosis<\/strong><br data-start=\"1601\" data-end=\"1604\">These conditions appear in adulthood, not as a result of heredity but in association with other systemic disorders. The exact causes are not fully understood, but they have been observed in connection with conditions such as: <\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1885\">\n<li data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1820\">\n<p data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1820\">hypothyroidism<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1823\" data-end=\"1834\">\n<p data-start=\"1825\" data-end=\"1834\">lymphoma<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1837\" data-end=\"1845\">\n<p data-start=\"1839\" data-end=\"1845\">AIDS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1848\" data-end=\"1885\">\n<p data-start=\"1850\" data-end=\"1885\">leprosy and other chronic infections<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1887\" data-end=\"1973\">In addition to this distinction, ichthyoses can be further classified into:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1975\" data-end=\"2153\">\n<li data-start=\"1975\" data-end=\"2084\">\n<p data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2084\"><strong data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2000\">Syndromic ichthyosis<\/strong>, where the skin condition is associated with abnormalities in other organs or systems.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2085\" data-end=\"2153\">\n<p data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2153\"><strong data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2114\">Non-syndromic ichthyosis<\/strong>, confined exclusively to the skin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Symptoms_and_complications\"><\/span><strong>Symptoms and complications<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The symptoms of ichthyosis vary depending on the severity and type of the condition, but the most common include <strong>extremely dry<\/strong>, <strong>scaly<\/strong> and sometimes thickened skin.<br \/>\nThe areas most commonly affected are usually the legs, arms and trunk, although some forms can affect the whole body.<br \/>\nIn severe cases, ichthyosis can lead to complications such as <strong>painful skin fissures<\/strong>, difficulty moving, and an increased risk of secondary infections due to the skin fissures.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diagnosis\"><\/span><strong>Diagnosis<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The diagnosis of ichthyosis is initially based on a<strong> clinical examination<\/strong> and the <strong>observation of characteristic symptoms<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>Genetic tests<\/strong> may be carried out to identify the specific mutations involved, which is useful for confirming the diagnosis and for genetic counselling.<br \/>\n<strong>Skin biopsies<\/strong> may be used in doubtful cases to examine the characteristics of the skin cells.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatment_and_management_of_ichthyosis\"><\/span><strong>Treatment and management of ichthyosis<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The treatment of ichthyosis aims to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Common strategies include: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the regular use of specific <strong>self-moisturising ointments<\/strong> (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mostskincare.com\/en\/shop\/all-the-categories\/extreme-emollient-ointment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extreme Emollient Ointment<\/a>) to restore the skin\u2019s moisture content<\/li>\n<li><strong> topical or systemic retinoids<\/strong> may be prescribed to help normalise skin cell turnover<\/li>\n<li>creams containing <strong>keratolytic agents such as alpha and beta hydroxy acids<\/strong> (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mostskincare.com\/en\/shop\/all-the-categories\/glycocream-body-exfoliant\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Glycocream+<\/a> also help to remove excess flakiness and soften the skin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It is also important to avoid factors that can exacerbate dry skin, such as long hot baths or very dry environments.<\/p>\n<p><strong data-start=\"159\" data-end=\"191\">Can ichthyosis be cured?<\/strong> Hereditary forms cannot be cured permanently, but they can be managed with ongoing treatment. Acquired forms, on the other hand, can improve by treating the underlying condition and making behavioural changes.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_ichthyosis_contagious\"><\/span><strong>Is ichthyosis contagious?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]No, ichthyosis<strong data-start=\"148\" data-end=\"181\"> is not a contagious disease<\/strong>.<br \/>\nIt is a <strong data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"252\">genetic condition<\/strong> \u2013 or, in some cases, an acquired one \u2013 that is not transmitted from person to person, either through direct contact or via shared objects.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_ichthyosis_be_prevented\"><\/span>Can ichthyosis be prevented?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]There is no way to prevent ichthyosis, as it is a genetic condition. However,<strong> early diagnosis <\/strong>and <strong>proactive management<\/strong> can prevent many of the associated complications and significantly improve the quality of life of those affected. <strong>Genetic counselling<\/strong> can be helpful for families with a history of ichthyosis, providing information on the risks of passing the condition on to future generations and on management options.  <\/p>\n<p>Ichthyosis requires careful and ongoing management, involving collaboration between dermatologists, paediatricians and, in some cases, other specialists to ensure an effective and personalised treatment approach.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Ichthyosis is a skin condition characterised by severe dryness, flaking and, in the most severe cases, thickening of the skin. It can be present from<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-skin-diseases"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ichthyosis: what it is, causes and dermatological advice - Dermaclub<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ichthyosis is a genetic skin condition that causes dryness and flaking. 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