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What are self-tanners?
Self-tanners are products that give the skin a tanned glow, which can improve the overall appearance of the skin and can mask certain blemishes, such as acne or vitiligo patches. Self-tanners only act on ‘dead’ skin cells, which means they have a high safety profile and can be used by anyone.
How self-tanners work
Self-tanners contain an active ingredient, which is usually 4% dihydroxyacetone. This is a sugar that binds to keratins (proteins on the stratum corneum) on the outermost layers of the skin to produce yellow-brown coloured substances that make the skin appear tanned.
Self-tanners over UV exposure
Self-tanners are often used to give the skin a tanned appearance without exposure to the sun or UV lamps, both of which can damage and prematurely age the skin.
Self-tanners are not sun protection
The use of self-tanning products does not protect the skin from UV rays and caution should, therefore, be used when exposing oneself to the sun.
Common self-tanning products
Self-tanners are commercially available in the form of creams, lotions and sprays. They are all easy to apply and, when applied correctly, they do not stain or grease.
How to use
Self-tanning products should be applied carefully and evenly. As the oxidation of sugar on the skin sets in, skin pigmentation will appear about an hour after application. Self-tanners can be reapplied several times over a few days until the desired complexion is achieved. In order to maintain the “tan,” it is essential to reapply the product as soon as it begins to fade, as the tanned complexion tends to disappear with normal skin desquamation. To avoid staining, wash hands immediately after application or, alternatively, wear disposable gloves.
Who can use self-tanners?
Self-tanning products can be used by anyone who wishes to give their skin a tanned appearance. They can also be used to correct certain blemishes that occur due to defects in skin pigmentation, such as in vitiligo. Patients who cannot expose themselves to the sun due to illness or because they are using photoactive drugs (which makes the skin particularly sensitive to UV exposure), can use self-tanners to give their skin a healthy glow. Individuals with very fair skin (phototype I) or albinism can also use self-tanners.
Conclusion
Self-tanning products are safe and effective, but do not provide protection from UV rays.
