What are the reactions of the skin to taking drugs?

The skin can develop adverse reactions to the use of drugs either applied directly to it, such as ointments and creams, or administered systemically. Skin reactions to drugs are common and can vary in severity and type. Of those that are topical or cutaneous, the most common are due to the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, which, when used long-term, can cause skin thinning and changes in pigmentation. Adverse effects of systemic drugs are more varied and often involve the entire body. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), for example, are known to cause hives and skin rash.

In addition, biological drugs used in the treatment of diseases such as cancers can trigger adverse skin reactions. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are associated with skin rash, itching, dryness, and hyperpigmentation. Target drugs, such as those specific to cancer cells, can also cause skin rashes, acneiformity, or extreme dryness.

It is critical to recognize these reactions early in order to discontinue or modify treatment and manage symptoms with an appropriate approach. Continuous monitoring and communication between patients and physicians are crucial to ensure a balance between effective therapy and minimizing skin side effects.