Seborrheic dermatitis: at a glance

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common condition causing the chronic inflammation of the skin of the scalp and face. As a chronic-recurrent condition, seborrheic dermatitis can appear intermittently, often occurring during the transition from one season to the other. As with other forms of dermatitis, it causes the intense inflammation of the skin. However, unlike other dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis also involves considerable skin flaking, with dandruff being one of the typical signs. In more severe forms, intense scaling and detachment may cause scabs, erythema or folliculitis.

Description

Seborrheic dermatitis is a form of dermatitis that causes the inflammation of the skin, especially that of the scalp and face. In addition, it triggers the scaling of the superficial layers of the epidermis that detach, fall off (such as in cases of dandruff) and scab. In addition to the scalp and face, seborrheic dermatitis can affect all areas rich in sebaceous glands including the sternal, interscapular and genital areas.

Causes

There is no known cause of seborrheic dermatitis. It is likely, however, that some of the following are at least contributory factors: hormonal imbalances, which can be particularly prevalent during the change of seasons, the use of medications (e.g. corticosteroids), psychophysical stress, and genetic predisposition.

Symptoms

The typical symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis are the formation of greasy scales of skin, which then detach and fall away, such as in cases of dandruff. This symptom is usually accompanied by skin irritation, itching and intense dryness.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of seborrheic dermatitis generally requires the observation of symptoms during a dermatologic examination.

Treatment

Seborrheic dermatitis is treated with reducing agents, which are products that decrease inflammation and scaling. The most commonly used reducing agents are sulfur in its colloidal form and salicylic acid (2S Cream). Reducents for seborrheic dermatitis are found in vaseline-free creams or hydroalcoholic lotions.

Prevention

There are no specific measures to prevent the occurrence of dermatitis at its various sites. However, excessive bathing and washing should be avoided, because over-cleaning and the use of soaps or shampoos gradually deplete the skin of the outer layers that protect it.
Avoid picking or scratching at existing scales as this can cause fresh inflammation and dermatitis.